Array Equilibrium Point LeetCode

A zero-indexed array A consisting of N integers is given. 

 An equilibrium index of this array is any integer P such that 0 ≤ P < N and the sum of elements of lower indices is equal to the sum of elements of higher indices, i.e. 

A[0] + A[1] + ... + A[P−1] = A[P+1] + ... + A[N−2] + A[N−1].

Sum of zero elements is assumed to be equal to 0. This can happen if P = 0 or if P = N−1. For example, consider the following array A consisting of N = 8 elements:

  A[0] = -1

  A[1] =  3

  A[2] = -4

  A[3] =  5

  A[4] =  1

  A[5] = -6

  A[6] =  2

  A[7] =  1

P = 1 is an equilibrium index of this array, because:

A[0] = −1 = A[2] + A[3] + A[4] + A[5] + A[6] + A[7]

P = 3 is an equilibrium index of this array, because:

A[0] + A[1] + A[2] = −2 = A[4] + A[5] + A[6] + A[7]

P = 7 is also an equilibrium index, because:

A[0] + A[1] + A[2] + A[3] + A[4] + A[5] + A[6] = 0

and there are no elements with indices greater than 7.

P = 8 is not an equilibrium index, because it does not fulfill the condition 0 ≤ P < N.

Write a function:

class Solution { public int solution(int[] A); }

that, given a zero-indexed array A consisting of N integers, returns any of its equilibrium indices. 

The function should return −1 if no equilibrium index exists. For example, given array A shown above, the function may return 1, 3 or 7, as explained above.

Assume that:

• N is an integer within the range [0..100,000];
• each element of array A is an integer within the range [−2,147,483,648..2,147,483,647].

Complexity:

• expected worst-case time complexity is O(N);
• expected worst-case space complexity is O(N), 
•  beyond input storage (not counting the storage required for input arguments).

NOTE: Elements of input arrays can be modified.

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Solution